Lero timaganiza za madziheliummonga chinthu chozizira kwambiri padziko lapansi. Kodi ino ndi nthawi yoti muzimufufuzanso?

Kuperewera kwa helium komwe kukubwera

Heliumndi chinthu chachiŵiri chofala kwambiri m’chilengedwe chonse, ndiye zingatheke bwanji kusoŵa? Mutha kunena zomwezo za haidrojeni, yomwe ndiyofala kwambiri. Pakhoza kukhala zambiri pamwamba, koma osati zambiri pansipa. Nazi zomwe tikusowa.Heliumsi msika waukulu ngakhale. Kufunika kwapachaka padziko lonse lapansi kukuyerekezeredwa kukhala pafupifupi 6 biliyoni kiyubiki futi (Bcf) kapena 170 miliyoni kiyubiki metres (m3). Zimakhala zovuta kudziwa mtengo wamakono, chifukwa mtengowo nthawi zambiri umakambidwa ndi mgwirizano pakati pa wogula ndi wogulitsa, koma Cliff Cain, CEO wa kampani yosowa gasi Edelgas Group, anapereka chiwerengero cha madola 1800 / miliyoni mapazi kiyubiki ( mcf). Edgar Group imaphunzira za msika ndikulangiza makampani ambiri omwe akugwira ntchito pamsika. Msika wapadziko lonse wamadzimadziheliumzambiri zitha kukhala pafupifupi $3 biliyoni.

Komabe, kufunikira kukukulirakulirabe, makamaka kuchokera kumagulu azachipatala, sayansi ndi ukadaulo komanso gawo lazamlengalenga, ndipo "zidzapitilira kukula", adatero Kaini.Heliumwandiweyani kasanu ndi kawiri ngati mpweya. Kusintha mpweya mu hard disk drive ndiheliumimatha kuchepetsa chipwirikiti, ndipo diski imatha kuzungulira bwino, kotero kuti ma disks ambiri amatha kuyikidwa m'malo ochepa ndikuwononga mphamvu zochepa.HeliumMa hard drive odzaza amawonjezera mphamvu ndi 50% ndi mphamvu zogwirira ntchito ndi 23%. Zotsatira zake, malo ambiri apamwamba kwambiri a data tsopano amagwiritsa ntchito ma hard drive odzaza ndi helium. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito powerenga barcode, tchipisi ta makompyuta, ma semiconductors, mapanelo a LCD, ndi zingwe za fiber optic.

Makampani ena omwe akukula mwachangu akuwonongahelium, yomwe ndi makampani opanga mlengalenga. Helium imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'matanki amafuta a roketi, ma satellites ndi ma particle accelerators. Kuchepa kwake kumatanthauza kuti itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito podumphira pansi panyanja, koma ntchito yake yofunika kwambiri ndi yoziziritsira, makamaka maginito mu makina a MRI (magnetic resonance imaging). Ayenera kusungidwa pafupi ndi zero kuti asunge kuchuluka kwa maginito osataya kuthekera kwawo. Makina wamba a MRI amafunikira malita 2000 amadzimadzihelium. Chaka chatha, United States idachita mayeso okwana 38 miliyoni a nyukiliya yamaginito. Forbes amakhulupirira zimenezoheliumkusowa kungakhale vuto lotsatira lachipatala lapadziko lonse lapansi.

"Poganizira kufunika kwa kujambula kwa nyukiliya yamaginito m'magulu azachipatala, aheliumVuto liyenera kukhala patsogolo ndi pakati pa andale, opanga mfundo, madotolo, odwala ndi anthu kuti akambirane ndi kupeza njira zokhazikika. Kuperewera kwaheliumndi vuto lalikulu, lomwe limakhudza tonsefe mwachindunji kapena mwanjira ina.”

Ndipo ma baluni aphwando.

Mtengo wa helium udzakwera

Ngati ndinu kampani yazamlengalenga yomwe bizinesi yake imadalira kutumiza ma satelayiti mumlengalenga, kapena wopanga MRI yemwe bizinesi yake imadalira kugulitsa makina a MRI, simudzalola.heliumkusowa kumalepheretsa bizinesi yanu. Simudzasiya kupanga. Mulipira mtengo uliwonse wofunikira ndikudutsa mtengowo. Mafoni am'manja, makompyuta ndi zonse zamakono zimafunikirahelium. Palibe choloweza m'malo mwa helium, popanda chomwe tingabwerere ku Stone Age.

Heliumndi mankhwala opangidwa kuchokera ku gasi woyenga. Wopanga wamkulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi ndi United States (yowerengera pafupifupi 40% yazinthu), ndikutsatiridwa ndi Qatar, Algeria ndi Russia. Komabe, dziko la United StatesheliumReserve, gwero lalikulu kwambiri la helium padziko lonse lapansi pazaka 70 zapitazi, posachedwapa lasiya kupereka. Kampaniyo ikulola ogwira ntchito kuti achoke, ndipo kukakamiza kwapaipi kwatulutsidwa. Pamene 1200 psi ikufunika kuti ipangidwe, kupanikizika tsopano ndi 700 psi. Osachepera m'malingaliro, dongosololi likugulitsidwa pano.

Zolemba izi zakumana ndi kuchedwa ku White House, zomwe zingatenge nthawi kuti zithetsedwe. Sitidzawona msika uliwonse mpaka utathetsedwa. Ofuna kugula akuyeneranso kudziwa zazinthu zomwe zayipitsidwa komanso milandu yomwe ikupitilira. Kupereka kwakukuluheliummbewu yomwe idamangidwa kumene ndi Gazprom ku Amur, kum'mawa kwa Russia, idatsekedwanso, ndipo sizokayikitsa kuti padzakhala kupanga 2023 isanathe, chifukwa imadalira mainjiniya aku Western, omwe safuna kutumiza antchito ku Russia pakadali pano. .

Mulimonsemo, zidzakhala zovuta kuti Russia igulitse kunja kwa China ndi Russia. M'malo mwake, Russia ili ndi kuthekera kokhala wopanga wamkulu padziko lonse lapansi - koma iyi ndi Russia. Kumayambiriro kwa chaka chino, Qatar idatseka kawiri. Ngakhale idatsegulidwanso, mwachidule, takumana ndi vuto lotchedwa kuchepa kwa helium 4.0, lomwe ndi lachinayi padziko lonse lapansi kusowa kwa helium kuyambira 2006.

Mwayi mumakampani a helium

Monga ndiheliumkuchepa kwa 1.0, 2.0 ndi 3.0, kusokonezeka kwamakampani ang'onoang'ono kwadzetsanso nkhawa. Kuperewera kwa helium 4.0 ndikungopitilira 2.0 ndi 3.0. Mwachidule, dziko likufunika chakudya chatsopano chahelium. Yankho lake ndikuyika ndalama m'makampani omwe angakhale opanga ma helium ndi opanga. Pali ambiri kunja, koma monga makampani onse zachilengedwe, 75% ya anthu adzalephera.