Lero tikuganiza za madziheliamungati chinthu chozizira kwambiri padziko lapansi. Kodi tsopano ndi nthawi yoti timufufuzenso?

Kusowa kwa helium komwe kukubwera

Heliumndi chinthu chachiwiri chofala kwambiri m'chilengedwe chonse, ndiye zingatheke bwanji kusowa? Munganene chimodzimodzi za haidrojeni, yomwe ndi yofala kwambiri. Pakhoza kukhala zambiri pamwamba, koma osati zambiri pansi. Nayi zomwe tikufuna.HeliumSi msika waukulu kwambiri. Kufunika kwa pachaka padziko lonse lapansi kukuyerekezeredwa kuti ndi pafupifupi 6 biliyoni cubic feet (Bcf) kapena 170 miliyoni cubic metres (m3). N'kovuta kudziwa mtengo wapano, chifukwa mtengo nthawi zambiri umakambidwa ndi mgwirizano pakati pa wogula ndi wogulitsa, koma Cliff Cain, CEO wa kampani yopereka upangiri wa gasi wosowa Edelgas Group, adapereka chiwerengero cha 1800 dollars/miliyoni cubic feet (mcf). Edgar Group amaphunzira msika ndikulangiza makampani ambiri omwe akugwira ntchito pamsika. Msika wapadziko lonse wamadzimadziheliamuzambiri zitha kufika pafupifupi $3 biliyoni.

Komabe, kufunikira kukukulirakulirabe, makamaka kuchokera ku zamankhwala, sayansi ndi ukadaulo komanso magawo a ndege, ndipo "kupitilira kukula", adatero Cain.Heliumndi wokhuthala kasanu ndi kawiri kuposa mpweya. Kusintha mpweya mu hard disk drive ndiheliamuZingachepetse kugwedezeka, ndipo diski imatha kuzungulira bwino, kotero ma disk ambiri amatha kuyikidwa m'malo ochepa ndikugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa.HeliumMa hard drive odzazidwa amawonjezera mphamvu ndi 50% ndipo mphamvu zimachepa ndi 23%. Zotsatira zake, malo ambiri osungira deta apamwamba tsopano amagwiritsa ntchito ma hard drive odzazidwa ndi helium okhala ndi mphamvu zambiri. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito powerenga ma barcode, ma chips apakompyuta, ma semiconductors, ma LCD panels, ndi ma fiber optic cables.

Makampani ena omwe akukula mofulumira akudyaheliamu, yomwe ndi makampani opanga zinthu zakuthambo. Helium imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'matanki amafuta a maroketi, ma satellite ndi ma particle accelerator. Kuchuluka kwake kochepa kumatanthauza kuti ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito posambira m'madzi akuya, koma ntchito yake yofunika kwambiri ndi ngati choziziritsira, makamaka maginito mu makina a MRI (magnetic resonance imaging). Ayenera kusungidwa pafupi ndi zero yeniyeni kuti asunge mphamvu za quantum za maginito popanda kutaya mphamvu zawo. Makina wamba a MRI amafunikira malita 2000 amadzimadzi.heliamuChaka chatha, dziko la United States linachita mayeso pafupifupi 38 miliyoni a nyukiliya. Forbes ikukhulupirira kutiheliamuKusowa kwa zinthu kungakhale vuto lotsatira la zachipatala padziko lonse lapansi.

"Popeza kufunika kwa kujambula zithunzi za nyukiliya m'magulu azachipatala,heliamuMavutowa ayenera kukhala patsogolo komanso pakati pa andale, opanga mfundo, madokotala, odwala ndi anthu onse kuti akambirane ndikupeza mayankho okhazikika.heliamundi vuto lalikulu, lomwe limatikhudza tonse mwachindunji kapena mwanjira ina.”

Ndipo mabaluni a phwando.

Mtengo wa helium udzakwera

Ngati ndinu kampani yoyendetsa ndege yomwe bizinesi yake imadalira kutumiza ma satellite mumlengalenga, kapena wopanga ma MRI omwe bizinesi yake imadalira kugulitsa makina a MRI, simudzalola.heliamuKusowa kwa zinthu kumalepheretsa bizinesi yanu. Simudzayimitsa kupanga. Mudzalipira mtengo uliwonse wofunikira ndikulipira ndalamazo. Mafoni am'manja, makompyuta ndi zosowa zonse zamasiku anoheliamuPalibe cholowa m'malo mwa helium, chomwe popanda icho tingabwerere ku Nyengo ya Mwala.

Heliumndi chinthu chochokera ku kuyenga gasi lachilengedwe. Dziko lalikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi ndi United States (yomwe ili ndi pafupifupi 40% ya gasi), kutsatiridwa ndi Qatar, Algeria ndi Russia. Komabe, dziko la United StatesheliamuKampani yosungira, yomwe ndi gwero lalikulu kwambiri la helium padziko lonse lapansi m'zaka 70 zapitazi, posachedwapa yasiya kupereka. Kampaniyo ikulola antchito kuchoka, ndipo mphamvu yomwe ikugwiritsidwa ntchito yatulutsidwa. Pamene pakufunika mphamvu ya psi 1200 kuti ipangidwe, mphamvuyo tsopano ndi psi 700. Poyerekeza, makinawa akugulitsidwa pano.

Zikalata izi zachedwa ku White House, zomwe zingatenge nthawi kuti zithetsedwe. Sitidzaona msika uliwonse mpaka zitathetsedwa. Ogula omwe angakhalepo ayeneranso kudziwa za zinthu zomwe zaipitsidwa ndi milandu yomwe ikupitilira. Kupereka katundu wamkuluheliamuKampani yatsopano yomangidwa ndi Gazprom ku Amur, kum'mawa kwa Russia, nayonso yatsekedwa, ndipo sizingatheke kuti pakhale kupanga kulikonse kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2023, chifukwa imadalira mainjiniya akumadzulo, omwe sakufuna kutumiza antchito ku Russia pakadali pano.

Mulimonsemo, zidzakhala zovuta kuti Russia igulitse kunja kwa China ndi Russia. Ndipotu, Russia ili ndi mwayi wokhala wopanga wamkulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi - koma iyi ndi Russia. Kumayambiriro kwa chaka chino, Qatar idatsekedwa kawiri. Ngakhale kuti yatsegulidwanso, mwachidule, takumana ndi vuto lotchedwa kusowa kwa helium 4.0, komwe ndi kusowa kwachinayi kwa helium padziko lonse lapansi kuyambira 2006.

Mwayi mumakampani a helium

Monga momwe zilili ndiheliamuKusowa kwa 1.0, 2.0 ndi 3.0, kusokonekera kwa magetsi m'makampani ang'onoang'ono kwayambitsanso nkhawa. Kusowa kwa helium 4.0 ndi kupitiriza kwa 2.0 ndi 3.0. Mwachidule, dziko lapansi likufunika magetsi atsopano.heliamuYankho lake ndi kuyika ndalama mu makampani opanga ndi opanga helium omwe angakhalepo. Pali ambiri akunja, koma monga makampani onse azinthu zachilengedwe, 75% ya anthu adzalephera.