Silanendi pawiri wa silicon ndi haidrojeni, ndipo ndi mawu wamba kwa mndandanda wa mankhwala. Silane makamaka imaphatikizapo monosilane (SiH4), disilane (Si2H6) ndi mankhwala ena apamwamba a silicon hydrogen, okhala ndi fomula SinH2n +2. Komabe, popanga kwenikweni, timatchula monosilane (chilinganizo chamankhwala SiH4) monga "silane".

Electronic-gradegasi la silanendi makamaka akamagwira zosiyanasiyana anachita distillation ndi kuyeretsedwa kwa pakachitsulo ufa, haidrojeni, pakachitsulo tetrachloride, chothandizira, etc. Silane ndi chiyero cha 3N kuti 4N amatchedwa mafakitale kalasi silane, ndi silane ndi chiyero oposa 6N amatchedwa zamagetsi- mpweya wa silane.

Monga gwero la gasi lonyamula zida za silicon,gasi la silanewakhala mpweya wapadera wapadera umene sungakhoze kusinthidwa ndi magwero ena ambiri a silicon chifukwa cha chiyero chake chachikulu ndi kuthekera kokwaniritsa kulamulira bwino. Monosilane imapanga crystalline silikoni kupyolera mu pyrolysis reaction, yomwe panopa ndi imodzi mwa njira zopangira granular monocrystalline silicon ndi polycrystalline silicon padziko lapansi.

Silane makhalidwe

Silane (SiH4)ndi mpweya wopanda mtundu womwe umalimbana ndi mpweya ndikuyambitsa kukomoka. Mawu ake ofanana ndi silicon hydride. Mankhwala a silane ndi SiH4, ndipo zomwe zili pamwambazi ndi 99.99%. Kutentha kwa chipinda ndi kupanikizika, silane ndi mpweya wapoizoni wonunkha. Malo osungunuka a silane ndi -185 ℃ ndipo malo owira ndi -112 ℃. Kutentha kwapakati, silane imakhala yokhazikika, koma ikatenthedwa kufika 400 ℃, imatha kuwonongeka kukhala silicon ndi haidrojeni. Silane imatha kuyaka komanso kuphulika, ndipo imayaka kwambiri mumpweya kapena mpweya wa halogen.

Minda yofunsira

Silane ali ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Kuphatikiza pa kukhala njira yabwino kwambiri yolumikizira mamolekyu a silicon pamwamba pa cell panthawi yopanga ma cell a solar, imagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwambiri popanga zinthu monga ma semiconductors, magalasi owoneka bwino, ndi magalasi okutidwa.

Silanendi gwero la silikoni la njira zopangira mpweya wamankhwala monga single crystal silicon, polycrystalline silicon epitaxial wafers, silicon dioxide, silicon nitride, ndi galasi la phosphosilicate mumakampani a semiconductor, ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga ndi kupanga ma cell a solar, ng'oma za silicon copier. , masensa a photoelectric, ma optical fibers, ndi magalasi apadera.

M'zaka zaposachedwa, ntchito zamakono za silanes zidakalipobe, kuphatikizapo kupanga zitsulo zamakono, zipangizo zophatikizika, zipangizo zogwirira ntchito, biomatadium, zipangizo zamagetsi, ndi zina zotero, kukhala maziko a umisiri watsopano, zipangizo zatsopano, ndi zatsopano. zipangizo.