Silanendi gulu la silicon ndi hydrogen, ndipo ndi mawu wamba a mndandanda wa mankhwala. Silane makamaka imaphatikizapo monosilane (SiH4), disilane (Si2H6) ndi mankhwala ena apamwamba a silicon hydrogen, okhala ndi fomula yonse ya SinH2n+2. Komabe, popanga zenizeni, nthawi zambiri timatchula monosilane (mankhwala a SiH4) kuti "silane".

Kalasi yamagetsimpweya wa silaneKawirikawiri amapezeka pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana zoyeretsera ndi kuyeretsa ufa wa silicon, hydrogen, silicon tetrachloride, catalyst, ndi zina zotero. Silane yokhala ndi chiyero cha 3N mpaka 4N imatchedwa silane ya mafakitale, ndipo silane yokhala ndi chiyero choposa 6N imatchedwa mpweya wa silane wamagetsi.

Monga gwero la mpweya wonyamulira zinthu za silicon,mpweya wa silaneyakhala mpweya wapadera wofunikira womwe sungasinthidwe ndi magwero ena ambiri a silicon chifukwa cha kuyera kwake kwakukulu komanso kuthekera kokwaniritsa kulamulira bwino. Monosilane imapanga silicon yonyezimira kudzera mu pyrolysis reaction, yomwe pakadali pano ndi imodzi mwa njira zopangira silicon yosungunuka ya monocrystalline ndi silicon yochuluka padziko lonse lapansi.

Makhalidwe a Silane

Silane (SiH4)ndi mpweya wopanda mtundu womwe umakumana ndi mpweya ndikupangitsa kuti munthu apume. Mawu ofanana ndi silicon hydride. Fomula ya mankhwala ya silane ndi SiH4, ndipo kuchuluka kwake kuli pafupifupi 99.99%. Pa kutentha kwa chipinda ndi kupanikizika, silane ndi mpweya woipa wonunkhira bwino. Malo osungunuka a silane ndi -185℃ ndipo malo owira ndi -112℃. Pa kutentha kwa chipinda, silane imakhala yokhazikika, koma ikatenthedwa mpaka 400℃, imawola kwathunthu kukhala silicon ndi hydrogen ya gasi. Silane imatha kuyaka komanso kuphulika, ndipo imayaka kwambiri mumlengalenga kapena mpweya wa halogen.

Minda yogwiritsira ntchito

Silane ili ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Kuwonjezera pa kukhala njira yothandiza kwambiri yolumikizira mamolekyu a silicon pamwamba pa selo popanga maselo a dzuwa, imagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwambiri popanga mafakitale monga ma semiconductors, ma flat panel displays, ndi magalasi ophimbidwa.

Silanendi gwero la silicon la njira zosungira nthunzi za mankhwala monga silicon imodzi ya kristalo, ma wafer a polycrystalline silicon epitaxial, silicon dioxide, silicon nitride, ndi galasi la phosphosilicate mumakampani opanga ma semiconductor, ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga ndi kupanga maselo a dzuwa, ma drum a silicon copier, ma photoelectric sensors, ulusi wa kuwala, ndi magalasi apadera.

M'zaka zaposachedwapa, kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wapamwamba wa silane kukupitilirabe, kuphatikizapo kupanga zinthu zadothi zapamwamba, zinthu zophatikizika, zinthu zogwirira ntchito, zinthu zachilengedwe, zinthu zamagetsi amphamvu kwambiri, ndi zina zotero, zomwe zakhala maziko a ukadaulo watsopano wambiri, zinthu zatsopano, ndi zipangizo zatsopano.