Popanda luso lamadzimadzihaidrojenindi madzihelium, malo ena akuluakulu asayansi angakhale mulu wa zitsulo zotsalira… Kodi hydrogen ndi helium yamadzimadzi ndi yofunika bwanji?

Kodi asayansi aku China adagonjetsa bwanjihaidrojenindi helium yosatheka kusungunuka? Ngakhale kukhala pakati pa zabwino kwambiri padziko lapansi? Tiyeni tiwulule mitu yotentha monga "Ice Arrow" ndi kutayikira kwa helium, ndikuyenda limodzi mumutu wokongola kwambiri wamakampani opanga dziko langa.

Ice Rocket: Chozizwitsa cha Liquid Hydrogen ndi Liquid Oxygen

Ife a China a Long March 5 rocket carrier, "Hercules" ya makampani opanga ndege, "90% ya mafuta ndi madzi.haidrojenipa minus 253 digiri Celsius ndi madzi okosijeni osakwana madigiri 183 Celsius” - izi zili pafupi ndi malire a kutentha kochepa, komanso ndi chiyambi cha dzina lakuti "Ice Rocket".

Chifukwa chiyani kusankha hydrogen yamadzimadzi?

Chifukwa chake ndi chosavuta: misa yofanana yahaidrojeniali ndi voliyumu pafupifupi nthawi 800 kuposa ya hydrogen yamadzimadzi. Pogwiritsira ntchito mafuta amadzimadzi, “thanki yamafuta” ya roketiyo imasunga malo ambiri, ndipo chigobacho chikhoza kukhala chocheperapo, kuti chinyamule katundu wochuluka kupita kumwamba. Kuphatikizika kwa haidrojeni yamadzimadzi ndi okosijeni wamadzimadzi sizongogwirizana ndi chilengedwe, komanso kumatha kutulutsa liwiro lalikulu ndikuwongolera injini. Ndilo chisankho chabwino kwambiri cha rocket propellant.

Kutayikira kwa Helium: Wakupha wosawoneka m'munda wamlengalenga

SpaceX poyambilira idakonzedwa kuti igwire ntchito ya "North Star Dawn" kumapeto kwa Ogasiti, koma kukhazikitsidwa kudayimitsidwa chifukwa chadziwika.heliumkuchucha musanayambe. Helium imagwira ntchito ya "kukupatsani dzanja" pa roketi. Imatulutsa mpweya wamadzi mu injini ngati syringe.

Komabe,heliumali ndi kachilombo kakang'ono ndipo ndi kosavuta kutayikira, zomwe ndi zoopsa kwambiri kwa luso la mlengalenga. Chochitikachi chikuwonetsanso kufunika kwa helium m'munda wamlengalenga komanso zovuta zake.

Hydrogen ndi helium: zinthu zambirimbiri m'chilengedwe

Hydrogen ndiheliumsali kokha “oyandikana nawo” mu tebulo la periodic, komanso zinthu zochuluka kwambiri m’chilengedwe chonse. Kusakaniza kwa haidrojeni kumatulutsa kutentha kukhala helium, chodabwitsa chomwe chimachitika tsiku lililonse padzuwa.

The liquefaction wahaidrojenindipo helium imagwiritsa ntchito njira yofanana ya firiji, ndipo kutentha kwawo kwa liquefaction kumakhala kochepa kwambiri, pa -253 ℃ ndi -269 ℃ motsatira. Kutentha kwa helium yamadzimadzi kutsika mpaka -271 ℃, kusintha kwamadzimadzi kudzachitikanso, komwe ndi mphamvu ya macroscopic quantum.

Kupanga matekinoloje apamwamba kwambiri monga quantum computing kudzakhala ndi kufunikira kowonjezereka kwa malo otentha kwambiri, ndipo asayansi aku China apitiliza kupita patsogolo paulendo wotentha kwambiri ndikuthandizira kwambiri kupita patsogolo kwasayansi ndiukadaulo. Moni kwa asayansi, ndipo tiyeni tiyang'ane mwachidwi ku ntchito zawo zabwino kwambiri m'tsogolomu!