Mu 2018, msika wamagetsi wapadziko lonse lapansi wophatikizidwa unatifikitsa US $ 4.512 biliyoni, kuchuluka kwa chaka chimodzi. Kukula kwakukulu kwa malonda apadera amagetsi kwa semiconductors ndipo kukula kwakukulu pamsika wathamanga dongosolo lothandizira pawebusayiti la gasi yapadera!
Kodi mpweya wa electron ndi chiyani?
Mpweya wamagetsi umanena za gwero loyambira lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga semicondector, malo owonetsera, ma cell a solar ndi zinthu zina, ndikugwiritsa ntchito mafilimu komanso njira zina. Madera akuluagwiritsa ntchito mpweya wamagetsi amaphatikiza mafakitale amagetsi, ma cell a ma elece, kulumikizana kwa mafoni, magalimoto agalimoto ndi mavidiyo, Aerossace, makampani ena ambiri.
Magesi apadera apakompyuta amatha kugawidwa m'magulu asanu ndi awiri molingana ndi kapangidwe kake ka mankhwala: Silicon, arsenic, phosphorous, nyemba ndi zitsulo ndi zitsulo Alkoxide. Malinga ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zogwiritsira ntchito m'magawo ophatikizira, itha kugawidwa mu mafuta, mpweya wa epitaxy, ma ining gasi, mpweya woyaka, mpweya wa mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Pali mitundu yoposa 110 ya unit yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu kampani ya Semiconducy, yomwe oposa 30 amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Nthawi zambiri, makampani opanga semicokic amagawanitsa mpweya m'mitundu iwiri: mipweya wamba komanso mipweya yapadera. Pakati pawo, gasi logwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri limanena za kupatsidwa pakati ndikugwiritsa ntchito mpweya wambiri, monga N2, H2, kuphatikizira, ndi zomwe tikupanga mpweya wa pakompyuta, PH3, Asish, B2h6, N2o, Nhh3, SF6, NFM3, CF4, BCL3, BFL, CL2, CL2, etc.
Popanga makampani onse a Semiconducy, kuchokera pakukula kwa chip mpaka kuwunika kotsiriza, pafupifupi ulalo uliwonse sugwirizana ndi mpweya wa zamagetsi, ndi mafuta osiyanasiyana omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito komanso zofunikira kwambiri, motero sikompyuta yamagetsi. "Chakudya".
M'zaka zaposachedwa, zigawo zazikulu za china monga semicondectors ndikuwonetsa mapanelo akuwonetsa pakupanga kwatsopano kopanga, ndipo pamakhala kufunikira kwapakatikati kolowera kuyika kwa magetsi. Mayiko a mipweya yamagetsi mu semiconducy makampani akhala otchuka kwambiri. Mafakitale apakhomo amabwera chifukwa chakukula msanga.
Mafuta apadera amagetsi ali ndi zoyera kwambiri kuti zikhale zoyera, chifukwa ngati chiyero sichikukwaniritsidwa, chomwe chimakhudza gawo la magetsi padziko lonse lapansi. Titha kunenedwa kuti kusintha kwa kuyera kwa makhalidwe kumathandiza kwambiri pazokolola ndi magwiridwe antchito amagetsi.
Ndi chitukuko chopitilira muyeso, njira yopanga yopanga ikupitilirabe, ndipo tsopano yatsala pang'ono kuyandikira malire a lamulo la Moore, lomwe likufanana ndi makumi awiri a tsitsi la munthu (pafupifupi 0.1 mm). Chifukwa chake, izi zimayikanso zofunikira kwambiri pa chiyero cha gasi yapadera yamagetsi yopangidwa ndi semicondectors.
Post Nthawi: Dis-15-2021
