Ethylene oxide (EO) yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda ndi kuchiza matenda kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo ndiyo yokhayo yochizira mpweya yomwe imadziwika padziko lonse lapansi kuti ndi yodalirika kwambiri. Kale,okusayidi wa ethyleneimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pochiza matenda ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso kuyeretsa thupi lonse. Ndi chitukuko cha ukadaulo wamakono wa mafakitale komanso makina odzipangira okha komanso ukadaulo wanzeru, ukadaulo woyeretsa thupi wa ethylene oxide ungagwiritsidwe ntchito mosamala m'mabungwe azachipatala kuti utsuke zida zamankhwala zolondola zomwe zimaopa kutentha ndi chinyezi.

Makhalidwe a ethylene oxide

Ethylene okusayidiNdi m'badwo wachiwiri wa mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pambuyo pa formaldehyde. Ikadali imodzi mwa mankhwala abwino kwambiri ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ozizira komanso membala wofunikira kwambiri pa ukadaulo waukulu anayi wophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda wochepa kutentha.

Ethylene oxide ndi chinthu chosavuta kupanga epoxy. Ndi mpweya wopanda mtundu womwe umakhala kutentha kwa chipinda komanso kuthamanga. Ndi wolemera kuposa mpweya ndipo uli ndi fungo la ether lonunkhira. Ethylene oxide imatha kuyaka komanso kuphulika. Mpweya ukakhala ndi 3% mpaka 80%.okusayidi wa ethylene, mpweya wosakanikirana wophulika umapangidwa, womwe umayaka kapena kuphulika ukayikidwa pa malawi otseguka. Kuchuluka kwa ethylene oxide komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochiza matenda ndi kuyeretsa ndi 400 mpaka 800 mg/L, komwe kuli mu kuchuluka koyaka komanso kophulika mumlengalenga, kotero kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala.

Ethylene oxide ikhoza kusakanikirana ndi mpweya wopanda mphamvu mongampweya woipamu chiŵerengero cha 1:9 kuti apange chisakanizo chosaphulika, chomwe ndi chotetezeka kwambiri pochiza matenda ndi kuchiza matenda oyambitsa matenda.Ethylene okusayidiimatha kupanga polima, koma nthawi zambiri kupanga polima kumakhala pang'onopang'ono ndipo kumachitika makamaka mumadzimadzi. Mu zosakaniza za ethylene oxide ndi carbon dioxide kapena fluorinated hydrocarbons, kupanga polima kumachitika pang'onopang'ono ndipo ma polima olimba sakhala ndi mwayi wophulika.

Mfundo Yogwiritsira Ntchito Ethylene Oxide Sterilization

1. Alkylation

Njira yogwirira ntchito yaokusayidi wa ethylenePakupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana, makamaka alkylation. Malo omwe amagwira ntchito ndi sulfhydryl (-SH), amino (-NH2), hydroxyl (-COOH) ndi hydroxyl (-OH) m'mamolekyu a mapuloteni ndi nucleic acid. Ethylene oxide ingayambitse magulu awa kuti achite alkylation reactions, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ma macromolecule a tizilombo toyambitsa matenda asagwire ntchito, motero kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

2. Kuletsa ntchito ya ma enzyme achilengedwe

Ethylene oxide imatha kuletsa ntchito ya ma enzyme osiyanasiyana a tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, monga phosphate dehydrogenase, cholinesterase ndi ma oxidases ena, zomwe zimalepheretsa kutha kwa njira zachibadwa za kagayidwe kachakudya ka tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndikupangitsa kuti tife.

3. Kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda

Zonse ziwiriokusayidi wa ethyleneMadzi ndi mpweya zimakhala ndi mphamvu yopha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Poyerekeza, mphamvu yopha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ya mpweya ndi yolimba kwambiri, ndipo mpweya wake nthawi zambiri umagwiritsidwa ntchito popha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi kuyeretsa.

Ethylene oxide ndi mankhwala othandiza kwambiri ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe amapha kwambiri komanso kuletsa kugwira ntchito kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, mabakiteriya, bowa, ndi mavairasi. Pamene ethylene oxide ikakumana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, koma tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tili ndi madzi okwanira, momwe ethylene oxide imagwirira ntchito ndi momwe timachitira zinthu poyamba. Mlingo womwe umaletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tomwe timakula, mzere wozungulira umakhala wolunjika pa semi-logarithmic value.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ethylene oxide sterilization

Ethylene okusayidiSichiwononga zinthu zoyeretsera ndipo chimalowa mwamphamvu. Zinthu zambiri zomwe sizili zoyenera kuyeretsa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zambiri zimatha kutsukidwa ndi kutsukidwa ndi ethylene oxide. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito poyeretsa zinthu zachitsulo, ma endoscope, ma dialyzer ndi zida zamankhwala zotayidwa, kuyeretsa ndi kuyeretsa nsalu zosiyanasiyana m'mafakitale, zinthu zapulasitiki, komanso kuyeretsa zinthu m'malo omwe matenda opatsirana amafalikira (monga nsalu za ulusi wa mankhwala, chikopa, mapepala, zikalata, ndi zojambula zamafuta).

Ethylene oxide siiwononga zinthu zoyeretsera ndipo imalowa mwamphamvu. Zinthu zambiri zomwe sizili zoyenera kuyeretsa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zambiri zimatha kutsukidwa ndi kutsukidwa ndi ethylene oxide. Ingagwiritsidwe ntchito poyeretsa zinthu zachitsulo, ma endoscope, ma dialyzer ndi zida zamankhwala zotayidwa, kuyeretsa ndi kuyeretsa nsalu zosiyanasiyana m'mafakitale, zinthu zapulasitiki, komanso kuyeretsa zinthu m'malo omwe matenda opatsirana amafalikira (monga nsalu za ulusi wa mankhwala, chikopa, mapepala, zikalata, ndi zojambula zamafuta).

Zinthu zomwe zimakhudza zotsatira za kuyeretsa thupiokusayidi wa ethylene

Mphamvu yoyeretsera ya ethylene oxide imakhudzidwa ndi zinthu zambiri. Kuti ikwaniritse zotsatira zabwino kwambiri zoyeretsera, pokhapokha ngati ikuwongolera bwino zinthu zosiyanasiyana, ndipamene ingathandize kwambiri kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndikukwaniritsa cholinga chake choyeretsera ndi kuyeretsa. Zinthu zazikulu zomwe zimakhudza zotsatira za kuyeretsera ndi izi: kuchuluka, kutentha, chinyezi, nthawi yogwira ntchito, ndi zina zotero.