Ammonia kapena azane ndi mankhwala a nayitrogeni ndi haidrojeni okhala ndi formula ya NH3

Chiyambi cha Zamalonda

Ammonia kapena azane ndi mankhwala a nayitrogeni ndi haidrojeni okhala ndi fomula ya NH3. Ammonia, yomwe ndi pnictogen hydride yosavuta kwambiri, ndi mpweya wopanda mtundu wokhala ndi fungo loipa. Ndi zinyalala zofala za nayitrogeni, makamaka pakati pa zamoyo zam'madzi, ndipo zimathandiza kwambiri pa zosowa za zamoyo zakuthengo mwa kukhala ngati chiyambi cha chakudya ndi feteleza. Ammonia, kaya mwachindunji kapena mwanjira ina, ndi chinthu chomangira kupanga mankhwala ambiri ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zambiri zoyeretsera zamalonda.
Ngakhale kuti ammonia ndi yofala kwambiri komanso imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, imakhala yoopsa komanso yoopsa chifukwa imakhala yowuma kwambiri.
Ammonia ya mafakitale imagulitsidwa ngati mowa wa ammonia (nthawi zambiri 28% ya ammonia m'madzi) kapena ngati ammonia yamadzimadzi ya anhydrous yomwe imayendetsedwa m'magalimoto kapena masilinda.

Kufotokozera

Kugwiritsa ntchito

Chotsukira:
Ammonia ya m'nyumba ndi yankho la NH3 m'madzi (monga ammonium hydroxide) lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chotsukira chapadera pa malo ambiri. Popeza ammonia imapangitsa kuti kuwala kukhale kopanda mikwingwirima, imodzi mwa ntchito zake zodziwika kwambiri ndikuyeretsa magalasi, porcelain ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri. Imagwiritsidwanso ntchito nthawi zambiri poyeretsa uvuni ndi zinthu zonyowetsa kuti ichotse utsi wophikidwa. Ammonia ya m'nyumba imakhala ndi kulemera kuyambira 5 mpaka 10% ya ammonia.

Feteleza wa mankhwala:
Ammonia yamadzimadzi imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popanga nitric acid, urea ndi feteleza zina. Padziko lonse lapansi, pafupifupi 88% (kuyambira mu 2014) ya ammonia imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati feteleza monga mchere wake, yankho kapena anhydrous. Ikagwiritsidwa ntchito panthaka, imathandiza kupereka zokolola zambiri monga chimanga ndi tirigu. [Kufunika kotchulidwa] 30% ya nayitrogeni yaulimi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ku USA ili mu mawonekedwe a anhydrous ammonia ndipo padziko lonse lapansi matani 110 miliyoni amagwiritsidwa ntchito chaka chilichonse.

Zida zogwiritsira ntchito:
Ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zinthu zopangira mankhwala ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.

Monga Mafuta:
Mphamvu ya ammonia yamadzimadzi ndi 11.5 MJ/L, yomwe ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a dizilo. Ngakhale ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mafuta, pazifukwa zingapo izi sizinachitikepo kawirikawiri kapena kufalikira. Kuwonjezera pa kugwiritsa ntchito mwachindunji ammonia ngati mafuta mu injini zoyaka moto, palinso mwayi wosintha ammonia kukhala haidrojeni komwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kupatsa mphamvu maselo amafuta a haidrojeni kapena ingagwiritsidwe ntchito mwachindunji m'maselo amafuta otentha kwambiri.

Kupanga roketi, chopopera ma missile:
Mu makampani oteteza, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga roketi, chopopera ma missile.

Firiji:
Mufiriji–R717
Ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati refrigerant. Chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zotulutsa nthunzi za ammonia, ndi yothandiza kwambiri mu refrigerant. Inkagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ma chlorofluorocarbons (Freons) asanafalitsidwe. Ammonia ya anhydrous imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu mafiriji amafakitale komanso m'malo ochitira hockey chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zambiri komanso mtengo wake wotsika.

Kumaliza kwa nsalu kopangidwa ndi mercerized:
Ammonia yamadzimadzi ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito popangira nsalu zopangidwa ndi Mercerized.

Kulongedza ndi Kutumiza

Njira zothandizira koyamba

KUPUMA MPWEYA: Ngati zotsatirapo zoyipa zachitika, zichotseni pamalo osaipitsidwa. Perekani mpweya wochita kupanga ngati
osati kupuma. Ngati kupuma kuli kovuta, mpweya uyenera kuperekedwa ndi anthu oyenerera.
chithandizo chamankhwala mwamsanga.
KUKHUDZANA NDI KHUMBA: Tsukani khungu ndi sopo ndi madzi kwa mphindi zosachepera 15 pamene mukuchotsa
Zovala ndi nsapato zodetsedwa. Pezani chithandizo chamankhwala mwachangu. Tsukani bwino komanso muume bwino
Zovala ndi nsapato zodetsedwa musanagwiritsenso ntchito. Wonongani nsapato zodetsedwa.
KUGWIRITSA NTCHITO MASO: Sambitsani maso nthawi yomweyo ndi madzi ambiri kwa mphindi zosachepera 15. Kenako tengani
chithandizo chamankhwala mwamsanga.
KUMERA: MUSAMULETSE KUSANZA. Musamupangitse munthu wosadziwa bwino kusanza kapena kumwa zakumwa.
Patsani madzi ambiri kapena mkaka. Mukayamba kusanza, sungani mutu pansi kuposa m'chiuno kuti mupewe
ngati munthuyo ali ndi chikumbumtima, tembenukirani mutu wake mbali imodzi. Pitani kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo.
CHIDZIWITSO KWA DOKOTALA: Pofuna kupuma, ganizirani za mpweya. Pofuna kumeza, ganizirani za mtundu wa mmero.
Pewani kusamba m'manja ndi madzi a astric.

Nkhani Zofanana

Azane Apita ku Msonkhano Wapachaka wa IIAR 2018 wa Natural Refrigeration ku Colorado
Marichi 15,2018
Kampani yopanga mafiriji ndi mafiriji ya ammonia yotsika mtengo, Azane Inc, ikukonzekera kuwonetsa chiwonetserochi pa Msonkhano wa IIAR 2018 Natural Refrigeration & Expo pa 18-21 Marichi. Msonkhanowu womwe udzachitikira ku Broadmoor Hotel and Resort ku Colorado Springs, ukuyembekezeka kuwonetsa zochitika zatsopano zamakampani padziko lonse lapansi. Ndi owonetsa oposa 150, chochitikachi ndi chiwonetsero chachikulu kwambiri cha akatswiri osungira mafiriji ndi ammonia, chomwe chimakopa anthu oposa 1,000.

Azane Inc iwonetsa Azanefreezer yake ndi Azanechiller 2.0 yatsopano komanso yapamwamba kwambiri yomwe yawonjezera mphamvu yamagetsi kuposa yoyambayo komanso yawonjezera kusavuta komanso kusinthasintha kwa ammonia m'mapulogalamu atsopano angapo.

Caleb Nelson, Wachiwiri kwa Purezidenti wa Business Development wa Azane Inc anati, “Tikusangalala kugawana ndi makampaniwa ubwino wa zinthu zathu zatsopano. Azanechiller 2.0 ndi Azanefreezer zikupita patsogolo kwambiri m'makampani opanga chakudya, zakumwa, komanso malo osungiramo zinthu zozizira, makamaka ku California, komwe njira zachilengedwe, zogwira mtima, komanso zosaopsa kwambiri zikufunika kwambiri.”

"Msonkhano wa IIAR Natural Refrigeration umakopa anthu ambiri ndipo timasangalala kulankhula ndi makontrakitala, alangizi, ogwiritsa ntchito, ndi anzathu ena mumakampaniwa."

Pa malo ochitira misonkhano a IIAR, kampani ya Azane, Star Refrigeration, idzayimiridwa ndi David Blackhurst, Mtsogoleri wa gulu la akatswiri aukadaulo la kampaniyo, Star Technical Solutions, yemwe wagwira ntchito mu Bungwe la Oyang'anira la IIAR. Blackhurst anati, "Aliyense amene akugwira ntchito yoziziritsa ayenera kumvetsetsa nkhani ya bizinesi pa gawo lililonse la ntchitoyo—kuphatikizapo zida zomwe amagula komanso momwe zimakhudzira ndalama zomwe ali nazo."

Ndi khama lapadziko lonse lapansi lochepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito ma HFC refrigerant, pali mwayi woti ma refrigerant achilengedwe monga ammonia ndi CO2 akhale pakati. Pakhala kupita patsogolo ku US chifukwa kugwiritsa ntchito bwino mphamvu komanso kugwiritsa ntchito ma refrigerant kwa nthawi yayitali kumayendetsa zisankho zambiri zamabizinesi. Tsopano pali lingaliro lonse, lomwe likupitilizabe kulimbikitsa chidwi cha mitundu ya ammonia yotsika mtengo monga yomwe Azane Inc imapereka.

Nelson anawonjezera kuti, “Makina a Azane okhala ndi ammonia otsika mtengo ndi abwino kwambiri pamapulojekiti omwe kasitomala akufuna kupindula ndi momwe ammonia imagwirira ntchito bwino pomwe akupewa zovuta komanso zofunikira zomwe nthawi zambiri zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi makina apakati a ammonia kapena njira zina zopangira zoziziritsira.”

Kuwonjezera pa kulimbikitsa njira zake zochepetsera mtengo wa ammonia, Azane ichititsanso mwambo wopereka mawotchi a Apple pa malo ake owonetsera. Kampaniyo ikupempha nthumwi kuti zilembe kafukufuku waufupi kuti ziwunikenso za R22 phaseout, zoletsa kugwiritsa ntchito ma HFC ndi ukadaulo wa ammonia wochepetsera mtengo.

Msonkhano wa IIAR 2018 Natural Refrigeration & Expo udzachitika kuyambira pa 18 mpaka 21 Marichi ku Colorado Springs, Colorado. Pitani ku Azane pa booth nambala 120.

Azane ndi kampani yotsogola padziko lonse lapansi yomwe imadziwika bwino ndi njira zoziziritsira za ammonia zomwe zimakhala ndi mphamvu zochepa. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya makina opakidwa a Azane onse amagwiritsa ntchito ammonia - firiji yopangidwa mwachilengedwe yopanda mphamvu ya ozone komanso yopanda mphamvu ya kutentha kwa dziko. Azane ndi gawo la Star Refrigeration Group ndipo imapanga msika wa US ku Chambersburg, PA.

Posachedwapa Azane Inc yatulutsa Controlled Azane Inc (CAz) yomwe ndi galimoto yawo yatsopano yochokera ku Tustin, California yomwe ikubweretsa Azanefreezer pamsika m'makampani osungira zinthu zozizira mdziko lonse. CAz yangobwera kumene kuchokera ku msonkhano wa AFFI (American Frozen Food Institute) ku Las Vegas, Nevada komwe chidwi cha njira zatsopano zoziziritsira kuti zichepetse ndalama zogwirira ntchito ndikukweza kasamalidwe ka zoopsa chinali chofala kwambiri.