Amoniya (NH3)

Technical Parameters

Ammonia yamadzimadzi, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti anhydrous ammonia, ndi madzi opanda mtundu okhala ndi fungo lamphamvu komanso lowononga. Monga mankhwala opangira mankhwala, ammonia nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupeza ammonia yamadzimadzi popondereza kapena kuziziritsa ammonia ammonia kuti athe kuyenda ndi kusunga. Ammonia yamadzimadzi imasungunuka mosavuta m'madzi, ndipo imapanga ammonium ion NH4 + ndi hydroxide ion OH- ikasungunuka m'madzi. Yankho lake ndi lamchere. Ammonia yamadzimadzi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale, imakhala yowononga komanso yosavuta kusuntha, chifukwa chake chiwopsezo cha ngozi yamankhwala ndichokwera kwambiri. Ammonia yamadzimadzi ndiyomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakupanga zopanda madzi zosungunulira, ndipo imagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati firiji komanso zopangira mafakitale. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga feteleza, zophulika, mapulasitiki ndi ulusi wamankhwala. Njira yachitsulo-yamadzimadzi ammonia imakhala ndi mphamvu zochepetsera ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zinthu komanso organic synthesis. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga masinthidwe azitsulo okhala ndi oxidation otsika. Mu organic chemistry, sodium-liquid ammonia solution imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu Birch reduction reaction kuti achepetse mphete yonunkhira ku dongosolo la mphete la cyclohexadiene. Madzi a ammonia a sodium kapena zitsulo zina amathanso kuchepetsa ma alkynes kuti apange trans-olefins. M'makampani opanga mankhwala, ammonia yamadzimadzi ndi imodzi mwazinthu zopangira urea. Pa nthawi yomweyi, chifukwa cha mankhwala ake apadera, amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino m'mafakitale a semiconductor ndi metallurgical. Ammonia yamadzimadzi nthawi zambiri imasungidwa m'masilinda achitsulo osagwira ntchito kapena matanki achitsulo, ndipo sangathe kukhala limodzi ndi acetaldehyde, acrolein, boron ndi zinthu zina. Masilinda a ammonia amadzimadzi ayenera kusungidwa m'nyumba yosungiramo katundu kapena papulatifomu yokhala ndi shedi. Mukaunjikira panja, uyenera kuphimbidwa ndi hema kuti usakhale ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa. Masilinda achitsulo ndi magalimoto amatanki omwe amanyamula ammonia amadzimadzi ayenera kutetezedwa ku kutentha panthawi yoyenda, ndipo zowombera moto ndizoletsedwa.

Ntchito:

1. Manyowa a mankhwala:
Ammonia yamadzimadzi imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popanga nitric acid, urea ndi feteleza wina wamankhwala.
 
2. Zopangira:
Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zopangira mu mankhwala ndi mankhwala.
 
3. Kupanga roketi, chothandizira mizinga:
M'makampani odzitetezera, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga roketi, oyendetsa mizinga.
 
4. Firiji:
Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati firiji.
 
5. Zomaliza za Mercerized za nsalu:
Ammonia yamadzimadzi itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito pakumaliza kwa nsalu za Mercerized.

Kukula Kwa Phukusi:

Ubwino:

1. Fakitale yathu imapanga NH3 kuchokera kuzinthu zapamwamba kwambiri, kuphatikizapo mtengo wake ndi wotsika mtengo.
2. The NH3 imapangidwa pambuyo pa nthawi zambiri njira zoyeretsera ndi kukonzanso mu fakitale yathu.Njira yolamulira pa intaneti imatsimikizira chiyero cha gasi siteji iliyonse.Chomaliza chiyenera kukwaniritsa.
3. Pakudzaza, silinda iyenera kuumitsidwa kwa nthawi yayitali (osachepera 16hrs), ndiye timatsuka silinda, potsiriza timayichotsa ndi mpweya woyambirira. Njira zonsezi zionetsetsa kuti gasi ndi woyera mu silinda.
4. Takhalapo m'munda wa Gasi kwa zaka zambiri, chidziwitso cholemera pakupanga ndi kutumiza kunja tiyeni tipambane chikhulupiriro cha makasitomala, amakhutira ndi ntchito yathu ndikutipatsa ndemanga yabwino.